Energy decisions that survive implementation.
An independent energy advisory firm. We plan power systems, reform market rules, get renewable projects to the point of investment, and cut energy use in buildings — across Kosovo and the Western Balkans.
Most energy decisions do not fail at analysis. They fail in the handoffs — between policy, systems, engineering, economics, implementation and operations. That is where we work.
Renewable capacity installed across the Western Balkans · 2025
Six countries summed, so this is a region and not a country — Albania's hydrology carries most of the hydro and Kosovo almost none of it. Source: IRENA — Electricity Capacity Statistics. The split by country, and what it means for what each system can build next, is two sections below.
Transition rarely fails at analysis. It fails in the handoffs.
- Policy → System
A target is set without testing what the grid and generation mix can actually deliver.
- Model → Project
Feasibility clears on paper and dies at connection, permitting or structural reality.
- Delivery → Operation
A building is retrofitted, then operated by people never brought into the design. Savings decay.
What are you trying to decide?
Choose a decision above and this will show what it actually involves, what you would receive, and where to start.
Five ways to start.
Each is scoped around a client problem rather than a discipline, and each crosses at least one of the seams where transition work fails. Find the trigger that matches your situation — who it is for and how long it runs are on the row.
- 01Power System & Resource PlanningUtilitiesTSOs/DSOsministriesA capacity, renewable-integration or long-term adequacy decision needs a defensible technical evidence base.3–6 months
- 02Regulatory & Market ReadinessMinistriesregulatorsutilitiesA market rule, tariff methodology or acquis obligation must be designed, evaluated or defended.2–5 months
- 03Renewable Project ReadinessDevelopersmunicipalitiespublic institutionsA project needs to reach bankability and survive connection, permitting and structural reality.4–10 weeks for a single site; longer for a portfolio
- 04Municipal & Public-Building TransitionMunicipalitiespublic-building ownersdonorsA climate or energy commitment exists but there is no baseline, building pipeline or funding route.2–4 months for a portfolio baseline and pipeline
- 05Energy & Carbon PerformanceCompaniesinstitutionsmunicipalitiesEnergy and carbon performance need to be measured, benchmarked and turned into an investment case.6–12 weeks
Six disciplines, one decision chain.
Six stages · five interfaces — the red marks are where work is handed over, and where it is lost
Select any stage to see the question it asks, what usually goes wrong there, and what can be done about it.
- 01
Power Systems & Energy Planning
System modeling, integrated resource planning and grid-integration analysis that tells clients what the system will actually allow.
Read - 02
Policy, Regulation & Markets
Market design, tariff methodology and regulatory alignment work grounded in the actual national and Energy Community context.
Read - 03
Renewables, Storage & Project Readiness
Technical and economic screening that gets a renewable or storage project to a bankable, permit-ready state.
Read - 04
Energy Efficiency, Buildings & Infrastructure
Energy audits, retrofit feasibility and the operational systems that keep efficiency gains in place after handover.
Read - 05
Climate, Carbon & Local Energy Transition
Municipal energy transition, GHG accounting and the local and rural dimensions of decarbonisation, including energy communities and prosumers.
Read - 06
Modeling, Digital Tools & Technical Assistance
Techno-economic modeling and decision-support tools that stay with the client, plus training and institutional technical assistance.
Read
Kosovo is 17% renewable. Its neighbour is 97%.
Albania inherited hydrology. Kosovo inherited lignite. Neither is a measure of effort, and both set what is possible next — Albania needs firming and flexibility, Kosovo needs to build almost everything and connect it to a network designed for two large thermal units.
“Renewable” is split by technology here for a reason: hydro is inherited and seasonal, solar and wind are built and dispatch differently. A single green bar would hide the distinction a planner actually needs.
- Albania97% renewable · 3,595 MW
- Montenegro80% renewable · 1,148 MW
- North Macedonia59% renewable · 3,220 MW
- Bosnia & Herz.56% renewable · 5,024 MW
- Serbia44% renewable · 8,693 MW
- Kosovoour base17% renewable · 1,556 MW
- Hydro
- Wind
- Solar
- Bioenergy
- Non-renewable
IRENA — Electricity Capacity Statistics, 2025. Installed capacity in MW, published values. Bar length is total capacity; fill is the mix. Where IRENA reports a non-renewable total without a fuel breakdown, it is shown unitemised rather than assigned to a fuel.
| Country | Renewable MW | Non-renewable MW | Renewable share |
|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 3497 | 98 | 97.3% |
| Montenegro | 923 | 225 | 80.4% |
| North Macedonia | 1894 | 1326 | 58.8% |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 2799 | 2225 | 55.7% |
| Serbia | 3810 | 4883 | 43.8% |
| Kosovo | 268 | 1288 | 17.2% |
Rooted in Kosovo. Working across the Western Balkans. Connected to the United States.
Kosovo is the base — the terrain, the grid and the institutions our work has to survive contact with are the ones we operate in directly. Select any country to see the system we are actually working in, as published.
US assignments are delivered with our strategic partner.
Kosovo
Ember · 2025- Coal5.22 TWh · 89%
- Windclean0.39 TWh · 7%
- Hydroclean0.24 TWh · 4%
- Other Fossil0.01 TWh · 0%
- Solarclean0.01 TWh · 0%
- Carbon intensity
- 903gCO₂ per kWh
- Clean share
- 10.9%of generation
- Power-sector CO₂
- 5.29MtCO₂ from fossil
- Demand
- 7.42TWh per year
- Per person
- 4.43MWh per year
- Net trade
- +1.55TWh — net importer
Carbon intensity across the region
gCO₂ per kWh · lower is cleaner
Years differ between countries and each is printed above. Albania's figure is 2023 from a second source; the rest are 2025. Read this as a spread, not as a like-for-like league table.
Sources: Ember — Yearly Electricity Data (CC BY 4.0) · Our World in Data — Energy Dataset (CC BY 4.0), used for Albania only. Installed capacity from IRENA — Electricity Capacity Statistics (2025) for all six countries. Retrieved 2026-08-11. Figures are published values, unmodified.
| Technology | TWh |
|---|---|
| Coal | 5.22 TWh |
| Wind | 0.39 TWh |
| Hydro | 0.24 TWh |
| Other Fossil | 0.01 TWh |
| Solar | 0.01 TWh |
| Country | gCO2 per kWh | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kosovo | 903 | 2025 | Ember — Yearly Electricity Data |
| Serbia | 696 | 2025 | Ember — Yearly Electricity Data |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 573 | 2025 | Ember — Yearly Electricity Data |
| North Macedonia | 406 | 2025 | Ember — Yearly Electricity Data |
| Montenegro | 264 | 2025 | Ember — Yearly Electricity Data |
| Albania | 24 | 2023 | Our World in Data — Energy Dataset |
The United States is shown at its own scale, in its own frame, because it is a second operating geography rather than another market on the Balkan map. Work there is led by Saad Khan as Head of Operations and delivered with Kavaan Energy.
Hourly dispatch, interconnection, prices and the full datasetSeven disciplines, assembled to follow a decision all the way down.
Most energy advisory firms are one discipline deep and subcontract the rest. The seams between those contracts are exactly where transition work fails. This bench exists so a legal question, a load-flow question, a structural question and an operations question can be answered by people who are in the same room.
- 01Shend BoshnjakuFounder & CEO
- Power Systems
- Policy
- Modeling
- 02Kreshnik BoshnjakuSenior Electrical & Energy Engineer
- Electrical Systems
- PV Design
- Energy Audits
- 03Dr. Bledian NelaStructural & Building Engineering Expert
- Structural Assessment
- Retrofit
- Seismic Risk
- 04Elona KurtiLegal, Policy & Project Research Associate
- Legal Research
- Regulatory Analysis
- Policy Research
- 05Adnan BoshnjakuSenior Technical Services & Institutional Operations Advisor
- Facilities Operations
- Maintenance Systems
- Institutional Implementation
- 06Hëna BoshnjakuAgriculture & Rural Sustainability Expert
- Rural Development
- Agriculture
- Climate Resilience
- 07Mimoza SvircaPolicy Research & Stakeholder Engagement Associate
- Policy Research
- Stakeholder Engagement
- Institutional Analysis
Partners, by where they extend the chain.
A row of logos tells you nothing about what a partner would do on your assignment. These three are placed on the same six-stage chain as everything else on this site, so the question that matters is answered directly: at which point in a project does each relationship become relevant.
One strategic partner, two specialists brought in for defined scope.
- FlowOps EnergyAcross the chainPolicy → Operation
The analysis, and the responsibility for it holding at every seam.
- Kavaan EnergyStrategic Partner — United StatesTechnical Feasibility → Implementation
Renewable engineering and technical feasibility, and the operating link for United States work.
- HidroIngTechnical Partner — EngineeringTechnical Feasibility → Implementation
Detailed engineering — the stage where a feasibility case becomes something buildable.
- RubikTechnical Partner — Software EngineeringEconomics → Operation
Software engineering — turning a model into a system the client can run after we leave.
Schematic. Bars mark the stages each firm's discipline covers — a map of capability, not a record of work delivered together, and not a claim of joint operations or shared clients.
- Strategic Partner — United States
Kavaan Energy
Renewable engineering and US-based collaboration in solar engineering, technical feasibility and project design. Kavaan's principal, Saad Khan, leads FlowOps operations in the United States.
- Technical Partner — Engineering
HidroIng
Engineering company. Brought in where a decision has to survive physical execution — the detailed engineering that sits between a feasibility case and something that can actually be built and commissioned. This is the Technical Feasibility and Implementation end of the chain, where an analysis stops being a document.
- Technical Partner — Software Engineering
Rubik
Software development engineering company. Brought in when an analytical tool has to become software somebody else can run — moving a model out of a spreadsheet and into something an institution can operate, maintain and audit after the assignment closes. That handoff, from analysis to a system a client owns, is exactly where technical assistance usually fails.
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